During the laser irradiation process, the melting zone cracking manifests itself as a tensile failure, while the damage zone and thermal affected zone were dominated by tensile–shear composite damage. The simulation results show that crack cracking is a dynamic failure process. According to the temperature distribution of granite, innovatively proposed a laser rock breaking simulation model based on the discrete element method, which can reflect the cracking process of rock under the laser. With the increase of laser irradiation time, the temperature gradient at the same location on the granite surface becomes larger. While the damage form of damage zone and thermal affected zone is mainly crack cracking. The results show that the temperature of the melting zone under the action of laser is maximum, and the damage manifests itself in the form of step-like pattern fracture. In this paper, the laser rock-breaking experimental platform was set up, the morphological characteristics of granite damage and the distribution of temperature field under different laser irradiation times (2 ∼ 10 s) were analyzed by SEM and infrared thermal imager. Laser rock-breaking will produce cracks on the rock, and the cracking of the cracks affects the efficiency of laser rock-breaking.
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